今日の英語(20221104)

　今日勉強した英語の中で間違えたことや調べたことをメモしておく。

コロケーション

　今回は古沢寛行・小宮山浩光・レコード，カービィ(2004)「コロケーション徹底演習II」(泰文堂)PP. 91-94を参照。

コロケーション徹底演習〈2〉

　今回、間違えたのは以下の表現：

	527.	Our commander was bold and prompt in his actions, ready to attack or retreat, as the case required, on the spur of the moment.
		我々の司令官は行動が大胆で敏捷であり、その場の必要に応じて、いつでも即座に攻撃を仕掛けたりあるいは退却した利する用意があった。
	529.	Prescriptive grammar tells us what is "correct" and "incorrect" in how we use our language.
		規範文法は、私たちの言葉遣いで何が正しい用法で、何が正しく無い用法かを教える。
	532.	Dr Thompson's theory of radio galaxy, while intriguing, is not totally consistent with empirical evidence.
		トンプソン博士の電波星雲理論は、興味をそそるが、実験的な証拠と完全には一致していない。
	534.	It seems that shame over nudity must be engrained, since young children love to run around stark naked regardless of who is watching them.
		幼い子供たちは誰が見ていようともお構いなしに、素っ裸で走り回るのが好きなわけだから、裸に対する羞恥心は植え付けられたものに違いないように思われる。
	535.	She never liked swimming, since she was afraid of water, but she did like wading along the edge of the sea in her bare feet.
		水が怖いので、彼女は水泳が決して好きではなかったが、裸足で海の縁に沿って水の中を歩くのが大好きだった。
	537.	He insisted at his trial that his shooting of the child was not deliberate but completely accidental.
		その子供を撃ったのは故意にやったことではなく、完全に事故だったと彼は裁判で主張した。
	538.	These days even in Japan it is not uncommon to see teenagers behaving in a loud and unruly manner on the train.
		この頃は、日本でさえ、10代の若者たちが列車の中で騒々しく始末に負えない振る舞いをしているのを見かけるが、珍しい事ではない。
	539.	The judge granted the man shared custody of the children in the divorce settlement, but made it contingent on his finding suitable accommodations in which to care for them.
		裁判官は離婚の和解調停で、その男に子供たちの分担養育を認めたが、子供たちの世話ができる適切な居住施設を用意することが、それの条件であるとした。
	540.	We had walked for miles when we came upon a deserted hut in the middle of the woods.
		森の真ん中で人気の小屋に出くわしたとき、私たちは既に何マイルも歩いていた。
	541.	The main secret to the universal appeal of jeans is that they are stylish, comfortable and durable.
		ジーンズの普遍的な魅力の主な秘密は、ジーンズが現代風で、着心地が良く、そして長持ちするからである。
	544.	At first I thought it was good that there was a vacant lot next to my apartment building. However, now I dislike seeing the garbage and broken glass that is accumulating there.
		最初は、私のアパートの建物の隣に空き地があるのは結構だと思った。しかし今では台所のごみや割れたガラスがそこに積み重なっていくのを見るのはたまらない。
	547.	We had completed our packing, loaded the car with what we needed; so at last we were set to go.
		私たちは荷造りを終えて、必要品の車に積み込んだ。それでやっと出発の用意ができた。
	548.	Although the boss preferred conventional approaches to doing business, he was not totally closed to innovation.
		上司は商売をやるのに伝統的な手法を好んだが、新しいやり方に全く耳を貸さない訳ではなかった。
	550.	The old lady was already past ninety years of age, but she still seemed as fit as a fiddle.
		その老婦人は既に90歳を過ぎていたが、まだとても元気に見えた。

英文解釈

　今回は伊藤和夫(2017)「英文解釈教室　新装版」(研究社)

英文解釈教室〈新装版〉

PP. 93-94の倒置形について*1。

	Slowly there grew up through the centuries the that nations should treat one another according to certain rules of right and justice.
	何世紀かを通じて、国家はその相互関係においてある種の正義の原則に従うべきであるとの信条が生まれてきた。
	There was now revealed to us between his generation and mine.
	彼らの世代と私たちの世代との間の隔たりが、今や我々には明らかになった。
	They say there is going to be a war.
	戦争になりそうだと言われている。
	People in the United States have a wide variety of national backgrounds, so there are bound to be regional and temperamental differences.
	米国民は多様な民族的背景を有している。そのため地域による差や気質の差が存在するのは当然である。

辞書を引いた語彙

　辞書は

Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 8th edition (Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary) (English Edition)

または

Oxford Learner's Thesaurus Paperback with CD-ROM

を引いています。

単語

語彙	発音記号	意味・内容	調べた理由
hideout	[ˈhaɪdaʊt]	a place where somebody goes when they do not want anyone to find them	意味
hermitage	[ˈhɜːmɪtɪdʒ]	a place where a hermit lives or lived	意味
spur	[spɜː(r)]	1. a sharp pointed object that riders sometimes wear on the heels of their boots and use to encourage their horse to go faster2. [usually singular] a fact or an event that makes you want to do something better or more quickly3. an area of high ground that sticks out from a mountain or hill4. a road or a railway track that leads from the main road or line	意味
prod	[prɒd]	1. [transitive, intransitive] to push somebody/something with your finger or with a pointed object2. [transitive] to try to make somebody do something, especially when they are unwilling	意味
intriguing	[ɪnˈtriːɡɪŋ]	very interesting because of being unusual or not having an obvious answer	意味
consistent	[kənˈsɪstənt]	1. (approving) always behaving in the same way, or having the same opinions, standards, etc.2. happening in the same way and continuing for a period of time3. consistent with something in agreement with something; not contradicting something4. (of an argument or a set of ideas) having different parts that all agree with each other	意味
persistent	[pəˈsɪstənt]	1. determined to do something despite difficulties, especially when other people are against you and think that you are being annoying or unreasonable2. continuing for a long period of time, or repeated frequently, especially in a way that is annoying and cannot be stopped	意味
insistent	[ɪnˈsɪstənt]	1. demanding something and refusing to accept any opposition or excuses2. continuing for a long period of time in a way that cannot be ignored	意味
engrained	[ɪnˈɡreɪnd]	1. engrained (in somebody/something) (of a habit, an attitude, etc.) that has existed for a long time and is therefore difficult to change2. (of dirt) under the surface of something and therefore difficult to get rid of	意味
stark	[stɑːk]	1. unpleasant; real, and impossible to avoid2. very different from something in a way that is easy to see3. ​looking severe and without any colour or decoration4. [only before noun] complete and total	意味
wade	[weɪd]	1. [intransitive, transitive] to walk with an effort through something, especially water or mud2. (North American English)(British English paddle)[intransitive] to walk or stand with no shoes or socks in shallow water in the sea, a lake, etc.	意味
elaborate	[ɪˈlæbərət]	very complicated and detailed; carefully prepared and organized	意味
concomitant	[kənˈkɒmɪtənt]	happening at the same time as something else, especially because one thing is related to or causes the other	意味
endurable	[ɪnˈdjʊərəbl]	(of something painful or unpleasant) that can be experienced or dealt with, especially without complaining	意味
durable	[ˈdjʊərəbl]	likely to last for a long time without breaking or getting weaker	意味
gloating	[ˈɡləʊtɪŋ]	showing that you are happy about your own success or somebody else's failure, in an unpleasant way	意味
controversial	[ˌkɒntrəˈvɜːʃl]	causing a lot of angry public discussion and disagreement	意味
ardent	[/ˈɑːdnt]	very enthusiastic and showing strong feelings about something/somebody	意味
fiddle	[ˈfɪdl]	[intransitive] fiddle (with something) to keep touching or moving something with your hands, especially because you are bored or nervous2. [transitive] fiddle something (informal) to change the details or figures of something in order to try to get money dishonestly or gain an advantage3. (informal) to play music on the violin	意味

*1:http://www.wayaku.jp/study/download/kaisyaku.pdfも参照。