今日の英語(20221017) - 「大人の教養・知識・気付き」を伸ばすブログ

　今日勉強した英語の中で間違えたことや調べたことをメモしておく。

コロケーション

　今回は古沢寛行・小宮山浩光・レコード，カービィ(2004)「コロケーション徹底演習II」(泰文堂)PP. 20-2を参照。

作者:古澤寛行,カービィレコード,小宮山浩光,Kirby Record
泰文堂

　今回、間違えたのは以下の表現：

	78.	Christians say that man is made in the image of God; however, the best even a saint could do would merely be no more than an approximation of divinity.
		キリスト教徒は、人間は神の形に似せて創造されたと言う。しかし、聖人でさせせいぜいできることは、単に神の荘厳さに似ること位であろう。
	81.	He usually worked alone but this time he was so near the deadline that he had to ask his son to give him a hand.
		彼はいつもは独りで仕事をしたが、今度は締切間際だったため、息子に手を貸してくれと頼まなければならなかった。
	86.	One can not help being irritated at the constant preoccupation of CNN with the Iraqi War, as if nothing else of any importance was going on in the rest of the world.
		世界の他の地域には何も重要な問題は起きていないかのごとく、CNNがイラク戦争に絶えず夢中になっている状態にはイライラせざるを得ない。
	87.	He came from such lowly roots that he never dreamed he would be rubbing elbows with the rich and famous.
		非常に低い身分の出であったので、彼は金持ちや有名人と付き合うようになることなど夢想だにしなかった。
	89.	The erection of the Pyramids is certainly one of the greatest engineering feats of all time.
		ピラミッドの建設は確かにこれまでのもっともすぐれた土木技術の偉業の1つである。
	93.	He can cover the routine expenses with his monthly income but he sometimes relies on his wife's income to meet other contingencies.
		彼は日常の経費は自分の月々の収入で賄えるが、ときどき他の臨時出費の支払を妻の収入に頼る。
	94.	Cinderella was warned to leave the ball before the stroke of midnight, when the magic spells would be broken.
		シンデレラは、真夜中、そのとき魔法の呪いが敗れるので、その時刻の鳴る前に舞踏会を去るように警告を受けた。
	95.	Thoreau spent two years in the woods around Walden Pond, where he felt in tune with the forces of nature.
		ソローはウォールデン池周辺の森で2年間を過ごした。その場所で彼は自然の力と調和しているのを感じた。
	96.	All the new dietary fads are doomed to fail if we do not have the simple will power to reduce our caloric intake.
		流行している新しい食事療法のすべては、カロリー摂取量を減らそうとする素朴な意思力が無いと、失敗する定めとなる。
	98.	It is not well known that many Negro soldiers joined the Northern Army in the American Civil War to help fight for their own emancipation.
		自分たちの解放を目指して戦いの手助けをすべく、多くの黒人が南北戦争で北軍の軍隊に加わっていたことはあまり知られていない。
	100.	Calling Mr Nishiyama a saint is the equivalent of calling every baby adorable; it's a bit of an exaggeration.
		西山氏を聖人と呼ぶのは、すべての赤ん坊を可愛らしいというのと同じである。それは少し誇張した言い方である。

英文解釈

　今回は伊藤和夫(2017)「英文解釈教室　新装版」(研究社)

英文解釈教室〈新装版〉

作者:伊藤和夫
研究社

Amazon

PP. 62-64までで $\mathrm{what}$ の用法について*1。

		House should not be the object of speculation.
	+	House is the object of speculation today.
	=	Housing should not be the object of speculation which $it\ is$ today.

	History must be the story of how things have come to be what they $are$ .
	歴史は事物がどのようにして今ある姿に至ったのかを物語るものでなければならない。
	Once we begin to imagine what the world $ought\ to\ be$ , we are apt to be blind to what it is.
	ひとたび世界のあるべき姿を夢想し始めれば、世界の実際の姿に盲目になりがちである。
	She returned to New Zealand and spent the next two years in constant rebellion against what she then considered $the\ narrowness$ of a remote colonial city.
	彼女はニュージーランドに戻り、彼女が当時辺鄙な植民都市の偏狭さだと思っていたものに対して絶えず反抗しつつ次の2年間を過ごした。

辞書を引いた語彙

　辞書は

Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 8th edition (Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary) (English Edition)

作者:S., Hornby A.
Oxford University Press

Amazon

または

Oxford Learner's Thesaurus Paperback with CD-ROM

作者:Diana Lea
Oxford University ELT

Amazon

を引いています。

単語

語彙	発音記号	意味・内容	調べた理由
compulsory	[kəmˈpʌlsəri]	that must be done because of a law or a rule	意味
premonition	[ˌpreməˈnɪʃn]	a feeling that something is going to happen, especially something unpleasant	意味
preconception	[ˌpriːkənˈsepʃn]	an idea or opinion that is formed before you have enough information or experience	意味
gauge	[ɡeɪdʒ]	1. an instrument for measuring the amount or level of something 2. a measurement of how wide or thick something is 3. (also bore especially in British English) a measurement of how wide the barrel of a gun is 4. the distance between the rails of a railway track or the wheels of a train 5. [usually singular] gauge (of something) a fact or an event that can be used to estimate or judge something	意味
reflex	[ˈriːfleks]	an action or a movement of your body that happens naturally in response to something and that you cannot control; something that you do without thinking	意味
refraction	[rɪˈfrækʃn]	the fact of light, radio waves, etc. changing direction when they go through water, air, glass, etc. at an angle	意味
brusque	[bruːsk]	using very few words and sounding rude	意味
mellow	[ˈmeləʊ]	1. (of colour or sound) soft, rich and pleasant 2. of a taste or flavour) smooth and pleasant 3. (of people) calm, gentle and reasonable because of age or experience 4. (informal) (of people) relaxed, calm and happy, especially after drinking alcohol	意味
preposition	[ˌprepəˈzɪʃn]	a word or group of words, such as in, from, to, out of and on behalf of, used before a noun or pronoun to show place, position, time or method	意味
preoccupation	[priˌɒkjuˈpeɪʃn]	1. [uncountable, countable] preoccupation (with something) a state of thinking about something continuously; something that you think about frequently or for a long time 2. [uncountable] a mood created by thinking or worrying about something and ignoring everything else	意味
presumption	[prɪˈzʌmpʃn]	1. [countable] something that is thought to be true or likely 2. [uncountable] (formal) behaviour that is too confident and shows a lack of respect for other people 3. [uncountable, countable] (law) the act of supposing that something is true, although it has not yet been proved or is not certain	意味
erection	[ɪˈrekʃn]	1. [countable] if a man has an erection, his penis is hard and stands up because he is sexually excited 2. [uncountable] (formal) the act of building something or putting it in a standing or upright position	意味
feat	[fiːt]	an action or a piece of work that needs skill, strength or courage	意味
feast	[fiːst]	1. a large or special meal, especially for a lot of people and to celebrate something 2. a day or period of time when there is a religious festival	意味
perseverance	[ˌpɜːsəˈvɪərəns]	the quality of continuing to try to achieve a particular aim despite difficulties	意味
dietary	[ˈdaɪətəri]	connected with or contained in the food that you eat and drink regularly	意味
emasculation	[ɪˌmæskjuˈleɪʃn]	1. the act of making somebody/something less powerful or less effective 2. the fact of a man being made to feel that he has lost his male role or qualities	意味
emancipation	[ɪˌmænsɪˈpeɪʃn]	the act of freeing somebody, especially from legal, political or social controls that limit what they can do	意味
exaggeration	[ɪɡˌzædʒəˈreɪʃn]	a statement or description that makes something seem larger, better, worse or more important than it really is; the act of making a statement like this	意味

*1:http://www.wayaku.jp/study/download/kaisyaku.pdfも参照。