今日の英語(20221015) - 「大人の教養・知識・気付き」を伸ばすブログ

　今日勉強した英語の中で間違えたことや調べたことをメモしておく。

コロケーション

　今回は古沢寛行・小宮山浩光・レコード，カービィ(2004)「コロケーション徹底演習II」(泰文堂)PP. 12-5を参照。

作者:古澤寛行,カービィレコード,小宮山浩光,Kirby Record
泰文堂

　今回、間違えたのは以下の表現：

	27.	The development of computer technology has dominated the storing and retrieval of knowledge over the course of the last fifty years.
		コンピュータ技術の進歩が過去50年に渡り、知識情報の貯蔵と取り出しを一手に引き受けていた。
	29.	Years of indiscriminate pollution of the oceans has begun to take its toll on the supplies of marine life.
		数年に及ぶ海洋の無差別な汚染で、海洋生物の供給に支障が出始めている。
	30.	Carbon dioxide emissions from the burning of fossil fuels, especially automobile exhaust, have led to serious depletion of certain species on earth.
		化石燃料の燃焼から出る二酸化炭素の放出、特に車の排気ガスは地上のある種の生物の深刻な現象の原因となっている。
	31.	After the car accident, which resulted in several fatalities, police discovered that the concentration of alcohol in the driver's blood stream was well above the legal limit.
		その自動車事故の結果、何人か亡くなったのだが、警察の調べで、運転手の血中アルコール濃度が法的基準値をかなり上回っていることが判明した。
	33.	The suspicion that he had a big role in the hijack comes in good part from circumstantial evidence.
		彼がそのハイジャック事件で大きな役割を果たしたという疑念は、状況証拠に依るところが大きい。
	36.	He knew he had to complete the project by the end of the week, but it was of little moment whether he would finish it the next day or the day after that.
		彼はそのプロジェクトを週末までに完成しなければと分かっていたが、それを翌日または翌々日に仕上げるかどうかはたいして重要ではなかった。
	38.	I was only in my twenties when the plays of Sophocles and Euripides crossed my path, but they made an impression on me that has lasted a lifetime.
		ソフォクレスおよびエウリピデスの戯曲に出会ったのは、私は僅か20歳代のときであった。しかし彼らの作品は私に生涯続く影響を与えた。
	39.	He was not just an ordinary teacher; he had a way of bringing the great literature of the past to life in his classroom.
		彼は単にありふれた教師ではなかった。教室で彼は過去の偉大な文学を活き活きと蘇らせる術を心得ていた。
	43.	Born the son of a coal miner, Richard Burton rose to prominence among the greatest actors of his time.
		炭鉱夫の息子に生まれながら、リチャード・バートンは当時のもっともすぐれた俳優たちの一人として名声を博した。
	46.	Many people in town were really up in arms because bus fares had gone up twice in the last three years.
		バス運賃が過去3年間で2回値上げになったので、街の人たちの多くが心底腹を立て激しく抗議した。
	50.	The challenge of defeating a nation by superior military power pales in comparison to the challenge of rebuilding a nation destroyed by war.
		優勢な軍事力で一刻を打ち負かすという挑戦は、戦争で破壊された国を再建するという挑戦に比べると、色あせたものとなる。

英文解釈

　今回は伊藤和夫(2017)「英文解釈教室　新装版」(研究社)

英文解釈教室〈新装版〉

作者:伊藤和夫
研究社

Amazon

PP. 57-9までで $\mathrm{what}$ の用法について*1。

$\mathrm{what}$ によって作られる名詞節を考える際の論点：

	(1)	文全体の中での名詞節の働き
	(2)	名詞節の中での疑問詞や関係詞の働き
	(3)	疑問詞や関係詞の意味

	What I $saw$ and $heard$ and $learned$ in my boyhood days $made$ lasting impressions on me.
	私が少年時代に見て聞いて学んだ事は、私に永続的な印象を与えた。
	What $interested$ me more than anything else then $was$ the writing of short stories.
	当時、何よりも私の興味を引いたものは短篇を書くことであった。
	If you watch a bug as it goes along about its business, you can $find$ out what a bug's world is $like$ .
	虫が仕事をしているときに観察すれば、虫の世界がどのようなものかを知ることができる。
	What do you $think$ I mean to $do$ when I grow up?
	成人になったら何をするつもりでいると思っているのか。
	We must make a distinction $between$ what we $read$ for our information and what we $read$ for our formation.
	情報を得るために読むものと人格形成のために読むものとを区別しなければならない。
	Whatever is to be done, $can$ only be done adequately by a help of certain zest.
	やらなければならないことは何でも、ある種の熱意の助けがあってはじめて適切に成し遂げられる。
	She had always $had$ whatever she $wanted$ .
	彼女は欲しいものは何でも手に入れていた。

辞書を引いた語彙

　辞書は

Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 8th edition (Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary) (English Edition)

作者:S., Hornby A.
Oxford University Press

Amazon

または

Oxford Learner's Thesaurus Paperback with CD-ROM

作者:Diana Lea
Oxford University ELT

Amazon

を引いています。

単語

語彙	発音記号	意味・内容	調べた理由
domicile	[ˈdɒmɪsaɪl]	1. (formal or law) the country that a person treats as their permanent home, or lives in and has a strong connection with 2. (especially North American English, formal) a person's home 3. (formal or law) the place where a company is registered for tax purposes	意味
dominate	[ˈdɒmɪneɪt]	1. [transitive, intransitive] to control or have a lot of influence over somebody/something, especially in an unpleasant way 2. [transitive] dominate something to be the most important or noticeable feature of something 3. [transitive] dominate something to be the largest, highest or most obvious thing in a place 4. [transitive, intransitive] dominate (something) (sport) to play much better than your opponent in a game	意味
retrieval	[rɪˈtriːvl]	(formal) the process of getting something back, especially from a place where it should not be	意味
playwright	[ˈpleɪraɪt]	a person who writes plays for the theatre, television or radio	意味
indiscriminate	[ˌɪndɪˈskrɪmɪnət]	1. an indiscriminate action is done without thought about what the result may be, especially when it causes people to be harmed 2. acting without careful judgement	意味
exhaust	[ɪɡˈzɔːst]	1. [uncountable] waste gases that come out of a vehicle, an engine or a machine 2. [countable] the system in a vehicle through which exhaust gases come out	意味
exhaustion	[ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən]1. the state of being very tired 2. (formal) the act of using something until it is completely finished		意味
exhalation	[ˌekshəˈleɪʃn]	an act of breathing out the air or smoke that is in your lungs; an amount of air or smoke that you breathe out	意味
depletion	[dɪˈpliːʃn]	the reduction of something by a large amount so that there is not enough left	意味
circulation	[ˌsɜːkjəˈleɪʃn]	1. [uncountable] the movement of blood around the body 2. [uncountable] the passing or spreading of something from one person or place to another 3. [countable, usually singular] the usual number of copies of a newspaper or magazine that are sold each day, week, etc. 4. [uncountable, countable] the movement of something (for example air, water, gas, etc.) around an area or inside a system or machine 5. [uncountable] the fact that somebody takes part in social activities at a particular time	意味
expediency	[ɪkˈspiːdiənsi]	the fact that an action is useful or necessary for a particular purpose, although it may not be fair or right	意味
prominence	[ˈprɒmɪnəns]	the state of being important, well known or easy to notice	意味
decent	[ˈdiːsnt]	1. of a good enough standard or quality 2. (of people or behaviour) honest and fair; treating people with respect 3. acceptable to people in a particular situation 4. (informal) wearing enough clothes to allow somebody to see you	意味
pale	[peɪl]	1. (of a person, their face, etc.) having skin that is very light in colour; having skin that has less colour than usual because of illness, a strong emotion, etc. 2. light in colour; containing a lot of white 3. (of light) not strong or bright	意味

*1:http://www.wayaku.jp/study/download/kaisyaku.pdfも参照。